The History of RRA/ Taariikhda RRA by Mohamed Ibrahim gedjecel

 REEWIN RESISTANCE ARMY (RRA). By Mohamed gedjecel

 The first Reewin armed faction to emerge during the Somali civil war, The RRA was founded in a shir (assembly) at Jhaffey, west of Baidoa, on 13 October 1995.

 Col. Hassan Mohamed Nur, “Shaargaduud” (Red Shirt) was elected chair, and an executive committee composed of officers, traditional leaders, religious leaders, and intellectuals was established. The formation of the RRA was triggered by the invasion of Baidoa by Mohamed Farah Aideed’s militia on 17 September 1995, which overthrew the local government, the Digil-Mirifle Supreme Governing Council, established in March 1995. 

Aideed completed the occupation of Reewin land by capturing Huddur in the Bakool region. The RRA’s first major task was to recruit, train, and arm young Reewin men and women. Former officers supervised the training and all Reewin clans contributed men, arms, and money. Early in 1996, the RRA attacked the more important installations held by Aideed in Huddur and Baidoa. 

When reconciliation efforts, especially the Sodere Declaration and Cairo accords, failed after the death of Aideed in a street fight and the succession of his son, “Aideed Junior,” the RRA insisted that it would not negotiate with those who occupied Reewin land. In October 1998, the RRA liberated Huddur and, by early November, Aideed’s militia had retreated to Baidoa. 

This victory consolidated the RRA’s military and political status locally and internationally.

 On 6 June 1999, the RRA liberated Baidoa and continued to fight against Aideed forces in the Lower Shabelle region. 

However, the Arta Reconciliation Conference of May-August 2000, which established a transitional national government, suspended further RRA military action. Nevertheless, within a few months, the RRA broke away from the Arta agreements and began to work toward the establishment of an autonomous state. 

Writer: Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed(gedjecel)

Beeraleydu waxa ay ka ciyaarta doorka ugu wayn,

 Beeraleydu waxa ay ka ciyaarta doorka ugu wayn, uguna cad horumarka iyo tisqaadka bulsheed ee dhinaca wax-soosaarka beeraha, waana dadka baahida ugu wayn u qaba in ay siyaasadda dawlada ee dhinaca beeruhu ay wanaagsanaato, si loo gaadho sugnaansho xaga cuntada ah.

Hadaba, bulshadaas carrada faraha gelisay waxa jira dhibaatooyin dhawr ah oo ku gedaaman, kana hortaagan in ay horumariyaan waxsoosaarkooda, kamase hadlayno dhamaantood, waxaynuse qormadan ku soo qaadanaynaa sumaha kala duwan ee loo isticmaalo beeraha oo dhibaato wayn oo ah kala saaridooda/kala-garashadooda iyo sun kasta waxa loo isticmaalo ay ka haysato beeralayda.

Sumaha beeraha lagu buufiyo, kuwa la ursiiyo ee hawada saaqa, kuwa waraabka la raaciyo iyo kuwa carrada lagu aasaba looguma talo-galin idilkood in lagaga hortago ama lagu daweeyo cuddurrada dhirta ku dhaca oo kaliya, balse waxa jira noolayaal tiro-beel ah oo siyaabo kala duwan waxyeelo ugu gaysta dalaga, waxaana ka mid ah; Shimbiraha, rudhayaasha, cayayaanka, haramaha, xayawaanada, dullinada iyo cudurrada iwm. Dhamaan noolayaashan aynu kor ku xusnay dawooyinka lagula dagaalamo waxa la isku yidhaahdaa hal magac oo ah "Pesticides".

Halkan hoose ka akhriso sun/dawooyinka magacyadooda iyo waxyaabaha lagula dagaalamo ama loo isticmaalo.

1. Herbicides: Waa sumaha lagula dagaalamo haramaha iyo dhirta aan loo baahnayn.

2. Insectcides: Waa sumaha lagula dagaalamo cayayaanka.

3. Avicide: Waa sumaha lagula dagaalamo shimbiraha.

4. Rodenticide: Waa sun kasta oo lagula tacaalo rudhayaasha sida jiirka, bakaylaha soongurka, iyo shurunshuurka/kabashiirka iwm.

5. Molluscicides: Sumaha lagula dagaalamo xaaxeeyada noocyadeeda kala duwan.

6. Bactericide: Sumaha lagula dagaalamo bakteeriyada cudurrada keenta.

7. Fungicide: Kuwa lagaga hortago, laguna daweeyo fangiyada.

8. Nematicide: kuwa lagaga hortago dirxiga wareegsan ee ili-maqabatayga ah.

9. Protozoacide: Sumaha lagu daweeyo borotusuwaha.

10. Virucides: Dawooyinka loo sameeyey in lagaga hortago fayrasyada.

11. Viriodicides: Sumaha lagula dagaalamo fiirooydhisyada (Hadii ay jiraan).

12. Virusiodicides: Kuwa lagaga hortago fiirosaydhisyada (Hadii ay jiraan).

13. Algaecides: Kuwa lagula dagaalamo saaruuqda biyaha/xayaabada biyaha, kuwooda cudurrada keena.

Dawooyinkan iyo sumahan aynu kor ku soo xusnay ma dhama, balse intan ayaa ugu muhiimsan, waxaana la isticmaali karaa uun marka laga maarmi waayo ama ay soo xidhmaan oo ay shaqayn waayaan hababka kale ee lagula dagaalamo waxyaabaha dhibaateeya dalaga la beerto, sun kastana waxay ku haboon tahay in loo isticmaalo wixii loogu talo galay; tusaale:

Beertayda galleyda ka baxday waxa ku dhacay cudurka daxaleeyaha "Common Rust of Maize" oo uu keeno fangi la yidhaahdo "Puccinia sorghi", halkii aan ka doonan lahaa sumaha ay ka midka yihiin Mangcozeb, Pyraclostrobin iyo Prothioconazole oo loogu talogalay in lagu daweeyo daxaleeyaha ma doorbidayo in aan isticmaalo dawo loogu talogalay in lagula dagaalamo bakteeriyada "Erwinia chrysanthemi" oo, badanaa keenta cudurka jirrid qudhunka "Stalk Rot of Maize".

Fiiro gaar ah: qoraalkan waxa igu kalifay in aan qoro, ka dib markii uu qof beeraley ah ila wadaagay dawo looga iibiyey in uu ku buufiyo beerta si uu cayayaanka uga cidhibtiro, balse dawadu ahayd mid loogu talogalay in lagu baabiiyo fangiyada.

Ummada dhibta ka daaya ayaanu leenahay dadka noocaas ah ee sumaha ka ganacsada, idinkuba marka kaneeco idin hesho ambasaliin ma liqdaane.

Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed

Friday, March 19th, 2021

Jimce wanaagsan

Why the result of Somali elections are crucial for the region

Gedjecel 262616013115

 Opinions|Politics Why the result of Somali elections are crucial for the region Somalia’s most recent political impasse, and the way it eventually resolves, will have significant consequences not only for the country but also its neighbours, Kenya and Ethiopia.

 Abdullahi Boru Halakhe Abdullahi Boru Halakhe is an expert on governance, security and peace in Africa. 23 Feb 2021 Supporters of different opposition presidential candidates demonstrate in Mogadishu on February 19, 2021. [AFP] Somalia is, once again, in political turmoil. The Horn of Africa nation’s opposition leaders say they no longer recognise the authority of President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, popularly known by his nickname “Farmaajo”, after his term expired on February 8 without a political agreement on a path towards elections to replace him.